Causative

Pola 1 Made             {make +person as Object +verb)  This construction means "to force someone to do something."  Examples: My teacher made me apologize for what I had said. Did somebody make you wear that ugly hat? She made her children do their homework. Have  [have + person as Object + verb] USE This construction means "to give someone the responsibility to do something." Examples: Dr. Smith had his nurse take the patient's temperature. Please have your secretary fax me the information. I had the mechanic check the brakes. Let (mengijinkan)  FORM [let + person as Object + verb] USE This construction means "to allow someone to do something."  Examples: John let me drive his new car. Will your parents let you go to the party? I don't know if my boss will let me take the day off. My sister does not let me enter her room. Because of the earthquake, the teacher let the students leave class earlier. Help = membantu.dapat mengikuti pola 1 dan 2, Contoh: He will help me do my job. He will help me to do my job.

Pola 2 Get [get + person as Object + to + verb] USE This construction usually means "to convince to do something" or "to trick someone into doing something." Examples: Susie got her son to take the medicine even though it tasted terrible. How can parents get their children to read more? The government TV commercials are trying to get people to stop smoking. Force (memaksa) The robbers forced the bank clerk to open the safe box. Sometimes it’s hard for parents to force their children to study regularly. Permit =Allow (mengijinkan) My sister does not allow me to enter her room. My sister does not permit me to enter her room. Because of the earthquake, the teacher allowed the students to leave class earlier. Because of the earthquake, the teacher permitted the students to leave class earlier. Cause(menyebabkan),Enable(memungkinkan), Require(mempersyaratkan/membutuhkan), Keep (menjaga), Hold (menahan) Contoh: The badly manufactured LPG tanks have caused many of them to explode. (Tabung-tabung gas LPG yang dibuat dengan jelek telah menyebabkan banyak dari tabung-tabung itu meledak). A high English proficiency will enable us to study abroad. (Kemampuan bahasa Inggris yang tinggi akan memungkinkan kita belajar di luar negeri). Most Canadian universities require student candidates to have a TOEFL score of at least 550. (Kebanyakan universitas di Canada mempersyaratkan calon-calon mahasiswa memiliki score TOEFL minimal 550). assist = aid = membantu.   assist dan aid hanya mengikuti pola 2. Contoh: He will assist me to do my job. ·         He will aid me to do my job. (Dia akan membantuku mengerjakan pekerjaanku).

Pola 3  (passive) I will have my homework done . I had my room cleaned.

Pola3  (passive) I will get my homework done.

A. HAVE vs GET

Sebagai causative verb, have dan get bermakna sama (= menyuruh/membuat), tetapi pola penggunaannya berbeda. Dalam bentuk active, have mengikuti pola 1, sedangkan get mengikuti pola 2. Bentuk passive-nya sama-sama mengikuti pola 3.

Contoh:

·       Andi has had his brother buy a pack of cigarettes. (Andi telah menyuruh/membuat adiknya membeli sebungkus rokok).

·       Andi has got his brother to buy a pack of cigarettes.

·       I will have my friend do my homework. (Aku akan menyuruh temanku mengerjakan PRku)

·       I will get my friend to do my homework.

·       Andi has had a pack of cigarettes bought. (Sebungkus rokok telah dibeli oleh seseorang. Andi menyuruh orang itu).

·       Andi has got a pack of cigarettes bought.

·       I will have my homework done .

·       I will get my homework done.

B. MAKE vs FORCE

Sebagai causative verb, make maknanya lebih kuat dibandingkan dengan have dan get. Dalam hal ini, makna make sama dengan force (= memaksa). Make dan force hanya memiliki bentuk active, so pola 3 tidak digunakan. Make mengikuti pola 1, sedangkan force mengikuti pola 2.

Contoh:

·       The robbers made the bank clerk open the safe box. (Perampok-perampok itu memaksa pegawai bank itu membuka kotak uang).

·       The robbers forced the bank clerk to open the safe box.

·       Sometimes it’s hard for parents to make their children study regularly. (Kadang-kadang sulit bagi para orang tua untuk memaksa anaknya belajar secara reguler).

·       Sometimes it’s hard for parents to force their children to study regularly.

C. LET vs ALLOW/PERMIT

Let = allow = permit = mengijinkan; Let mengikuti pola 1 sedangkan allow dan permit mengikuti pola 2.

·       My sister does not let me enter her room. (Kakakku tidak mengijinkan aku masuk kamarnya)

·       My sister does not allow me to enter her room.

·       My sister does not permit me to enter her room.

·       Because of the earthquake, the teacher let the students leave class earlier.

·       Because of the earthquake, the teacher allowed the students to leave class earlier.

·       Because of the earthquake, the teacher permitted the students to leave class earlier. (Karena (terjadi) gempa, guru itu mengijinkan murid-murid pulang lebih awal).

D. HELP vs ASSIST/AID

Help = assist = aid = membantu. Help dapat mengikuti pola 1 dan 2, sedangkan assist dan aid hanya mengikuti pola 2.

Contoh:

·       He will help me do my job.

·       He will help me to do my job.

·       He will assist me to do my job.

·       He will aid me to do my job. (Dia akan membantuku mengerjakan pekerjaanku).

E. CAUSE, ENABLE, REQUIRE

Penggunaan cause (menyebabkan), enable (memungkinkan), keep (menjaga/ mempertahankan), hold (menahan), require (mempersyaratkan/ membutuhkan), ect. mengikuti pola 2.

Contoh:

·  The badly manufactured LPG tanks have caused many of them to explode. (Tabung-tabung gas LPG yang dibuat dengan jelek telah menyebabkan banyak dari tabung-tabung itu meledak).

·  A high English proficiency will enable us to study abroad. (Kemampuan bahasa Inggris yang tinggi akan memungkinkan kita belajar di luar negeri).

·  Most Canadian universities require student candidates to have a TOEFL score of at least 550. (Kebanyakan universitas di Canada mempersyaratkan calon-calon mahasiswa memiliki score TOEFL minimal 550).

So, causatives tidak begitu rumit, bukan? Ya, karena hanya have, make, let yang harus diikuti oleh verb1, sedangkan verb lainnya diikuti oleh infinitive. Khusus untuk help seharusnya tidak akan error karena verb yang mengikutinya adalah optional (bisa verb1, bisa juga infinitive).

Answer these questions in the way shown. 
Example: Did Roy arrange the flower herself?
                 No, she had it arranged.
1.              Did you mow the garden yourself? No, I ________
2.              Does she always cook the meal herself? No, she always ___________
3.       Did your father repair the car himself? No, he___________
4.   Does your mother make your dresses herself? No, she __________
5.       Did you paint your house yourself? No, we __________

Choose the correct answer like the example!
He passed his exam. His mother made him to study/study hard.  
The answer is study.  Made= causative 1
1.              The color of your house is dull. I think you should have it paint/painted.
2.               The floor is very dirty. Why don’t you get the maid mop/ to mop the floor.
3.              My computer is broken. What about have it repair/repaired.
4.              He failed the exam, but the teacher let him to take/ take the remedial test.
5.              I’m going away for a week. I will get my neighbor water/to water the flowers.
6.              Dewi thinks television is a waste of time, so she won’t let/make her children watch TV.
7.              How did you get/have the doctor to make a house call?
8.              I got/had the mechanic check my brakes.
9.              How can parents get/make their children to read more?
10.          The government TV commercials are trying to get/let people to stop smoking.

Exercises: Fill in the blank with the most suitable causative verb!!
1. Sam really wanted a dog, but his parents wouldn't ______ him have a pet.
2. I can't believe she _____ you look at her vacation pictures again last night. We have to look at those stupid pictures every time we go to her house.
3. I don't know how you convince your children to clean up their rooms. I couldn't _____ my children to clean up their rooms if my life depended on it.
4. Professor Yu _____ each of her students write an essay describing their future goals in life.
5. Professor Yu _____ her students use a dictionary while they were taking the test.