Reported speech

Reported Speech

(Kalimat Tidak Langsung)

Lawang Sewu, Semarang, Central Java-(Private photo)

Notice the way we report statements, questions or requests and orders

Questions: (kalimat tanya) 

--> remember that if can be replaced by whether and vice versa. If/whether are used in Yes/No Questions

" Are you going to Lawang Sewu?" “ Are you still a student?” “Can you work the afternoon?” “Do you understand?” “What does your elder sister ask in her letter?”  ” What time is it?”

He asked me if I was going to Lawang Sewu. He asked me whether I was still a student. He asked me if I could work in the afternoon. He asked me whether I understood. He asked me what my elder sister asked in her letter. He asked me what time it was.

Requests: (permintaan) ---> To + Verb 1

“Please have a drink.” “Please close the door.” Come with me,please.”

She asked me to have a drink. She asked me to close the door. She asked me to come with her.

Statement: (pernyataan/kalimat)

Am/is Are Have/has Don’t/doesn’t Verb-1 Verb-2 Have/has+V3 Was/were Will/won’t Can/can’t May

Was Were Had Didn’t Verb-2 Had verb-3 Had+Verb3 Had been Would/wouldn’t Could/couldn’t Might

Tom: “ It is alright.” “They are angry.” “I have much money.” “ She doesn’t understand. “ I need clean water. “ I saw you crossing the street.  " I have found the lost key" “ I was at home.” “ I won’t give up.” “ They can’t give more time.” “ We may leave this town.”

He said (that) it was alright. He said (that) they were angry. He said (that) he had much money. He said (that) she didn’t understand. He said (that) he needed  clean water. He said (that) he had seen me crossing the street. He said (that) he had found the key He said (that) he had been at home. He said (that) he wouldn’t give up. He said (that) he couldn’t give more time. He said (that) we might leave this town.

Note:    When we’re reporting something, we may also need to change these words.

This --> that                                          tomorrow ---->  the next day

These --> those                                   this (week/month) ----->  (week/month)

Here ---> there                                     last (week/month) ------>  the  (week/month) before

Yesterday ---> the day before      next (week/month) -------> the next (week/month)

                                                           The following (week/month)

Exercise:

1.    “Why isn’t she at work?” 2.    “Where are you studying?” 3.    “What are they talking about? 4.    “When will he visit you?” 5.    “What happened?” 6.    “Did anyone look for me?” 7.    “Can I borrow your camera?” 8.    “Have you always lived in Pati?” 9.    “who looks after the record players?” 10. “How long have they  been known each other? 11. “Do I have to do all these exercises?” 12. “Shall I wait for the others?” 13. “Why wasn’t everyone done the exercises?” 14. “When does the new term start?” 15. “Who do you like best?” 16. “Who likes you best?” 17. “Would you like to come as well?” 18. “Shall I need my raincoat?” 19. “Will you accompany me to have dinner?” 20. “Why don’t we move now?”

He wanted to know

Why she wasn’t at work. ____we___________________ ____they__________________ ____she____________________ What _______________________ ____anyone___________________ ____he_______________________ ____we_______________________ Who _________________________ ___they ______________________ ___he _______________________ ___he________________________ ___nobody____________________ ____The new term______________ ____we_______________________ Who_________________________ ___we_______________________ ____he_______________________ ____I________________________ ____they_____________________